UnivColl International Multidisciplinary Research Journal

The COVID-19 pandemic brought an unprecedented transformation in the global education system, making online teaching an inevitable mode of learning. This research paper analyzes the pedagogical shifts in the digital era and the evolving role of teachers from knowledge transmitters to facilitators of learning experiences. It explores emerging teaching strategies, digital assessment methods, instructional design principles, and the application of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) framework. Grounded in social constructivist theory, the study redefines teachers’ roles as mentors, guides, and motivators in promoting equity, inclusivity, and engagement in online education.